PREVALENSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO OBESITAS SENTRAL PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN KEMIRI MUKA, KOTA DEPOK, JAWA BARAT
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ABSTRACT
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension and obesity have become major health challenges worldwide, including in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of central obesity among hypertensive patients at Kemiri Muka Community Health Center in Depok, West Java. A cross-sectional design was employed. The study sample consisted of 156 hypertensive individuals aged 18 years and above who regularly received treatment or blood pressure checks at the health center. The results showed that a majority of the subjects (71.20%) had central obesity, with a higher prevalence among women (76.60%) compared to men (31.6%). The mean waist circumference was similar between both groups, at 86.55 ± 12.08 cm for men and 86.45 ± 9.94 cm for women. The mean systolic blood pressure was higher in men (159.50 ± 24.71 mmHg) than in women (148.93 ± 17.34 mmHg), while diastolic blood pressure was similar between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that central obesity in hypertensive patients in the Kemiri Muka area was influenced by gender (OR 7.88, 95% CI 2.56-24.26), moderate physical activity (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.10-2.29), and excessive carbohydrate intake (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.07-1.70). Preventive efforts, especially for women, are needed to prevent central obesity among hypertensive patients in Puskesmas Kecamatan Kemiri
Muka, Depok City, West Java.
Keywords: prevalence, risk factors, hypertension, central obesity
ABSTRAK
Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) seperti hipertensi dan obesitas telah menjadi tantangan kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko obesitas sentral pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kecamatan Kemiri Muka, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah hipertensi yang berusia lebih dari 18 tahun dan melakukan pengobatan atau pemeriksaan tekanan darah setiap bulan di Puskesmas Kemiri Muka dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 156 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian
besar subjek (71,20%) mengalami obesitas sentral, dengan prevalensi lebih tinggi pada perempuan (76,60%) dibandingkan laki-laki (31,6%). Rerata lingkar perut serupa antara kedua kelompok, yakni 86,55 ± 12,08 cm pada laki-laki dan 86,45 ± 9,94 cm pada perempuan. Rerata sistolik lebih besar pada laki-laki 159,50±24,71 mmHg dibandingkan perempuan 148,93±17,34 mmHg. Sedangkan diastolik serupa antara kedua kelompok, yakni 88,92±13,01 mmHg pada laki-laki dan 88,64±11,32 mmHg pada perempuan. Hasil analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa obesitas sentral pada pasien hipertensi di Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamtan Kemiri Muka, Kota Depok dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin (OR 7,88 CI 95% 2,56-24,26), aktivitas fisik intensitas sedang (OR 2,63 CI 95% 1,10-2,29), dan asupan karbohidrat yang berlebih (OR 1,22 CI 95% 1,07-1,70). Perlu adanya upaya preventif khususnya pada perempuan dalam mencegah terjadinya obesitas sentral pada kelompok pasien hipertensi di Wilayah Puskesmas Kemiri Muka, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat.
Kata kunci: prevalensi, faktor risiko, hipertensi, obesitas sentral
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