EFFECTS OF WHITE TEA, GREEN TEA, AND MORINGA ON PPARγ GENE EXPRESSION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED RATS
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has a vital role in cellular antioxidant defense systems. Several studies have reported that natural activators of the PPARγ pathway improve the development of various metabolic disorders caused by oxidative stress, including diabetes mellitus. White tea and moringa contain high amounts of antioxidants, and the flavonoid content is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). This study aimed to assess the effect of EGCG on PPARγ expression in the liver of diabetic experimental rats. This study used a posttest control-group design. The Sprague-Dawley male rats were assigned to several groups as follows: negative control group; diabetic (DM) group; diabetic group treated with EGCG (100 mg/kg BW) from green tea, white tea, moringa, white tea +moringa for 21 days; and baseline group (observations collected before any intervention or treatment). The diabetic condition was achieved by streptozotocin (40 mg/kg BW) induction. RNA was extracted from liver tissue, and PPARγ gene expression was further analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The relative expression levels of PPARγ genes were normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) using the 2-ΔΔCT formula. PPARγ gene expression in rats treated with green tea and white tea+moringa was 2.05-fold and 2.61-fold higher compared to the control group. The results of this study indicated that interventions with 100mg/kg BW EGCG from green tea and white tea + moringa upregulated PPARγ gene expression.
Keywords: moringa, PPARγ, relative expression, white tea
ABSTRAK
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) memiliki peran penting dalam sistem pertahanan antioksidan seluler. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan efek peningkatan dari aktivator alami pada jalur PPARγ dalam perkembangan berbagai jenis gangguan metabolik yang disebabkan oleh stres oksidatif, termasuk diabetes mellitus. Teh putih dan kelor mengandung antioksidan tinggi, dengan kandungan flavonoid berupa epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek EGCG terhadap ekspresi PPARγ di hati tikus percobaan diabetes. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan desain kelompok kontrol pasca-uji. Tikus jantan Sprague-Dawley dibagi ke dalam beberapa kelompok sebagai berikut: kelompok kontrol negatif; kelompok diabetes (DM); kelompok diabetes yang diberi perlakuan EGCG (100 mg/kg BB) dari teh hijau, teh putih, kelor, serta kombinasi teh putih+kelor selama 21 hari; dan kelompok baseline (pengamatan yang dikumpulkan sebelum intervensi atau perawatan apa pun). Kondisi diabetes diinduksi dengan streptozotosin (40 mg/kg BB). RNA diekstraksi dari jaringan hati, dan pengukuran gen PPARγ dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan real-time PCR kuantitatif. Tingkat ekspresi relatif gen PPARγ dinormalisasi terhadap gliseraldehida-3-fosfat dehidrogenase (GAPDH) menggunakan rumus 2-ΔΔCT. Ekspresi gen PPARγ pada tikus yang diberi perlakuan teh hijau dan kombinasi teh putih+kelor meningkat masing-masing 2,05 kali dan 2,61 kali dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi dengan EGCG 100 mg/kg BB dari teh hijau serta kombinasi teh putih+kelor meningkatkan ekspresi gen PPARγ.
Kata kunci: kelor, PPARγ, ekspresi relatif, teh putih
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