KONTRIBUSI MAKANAN JAJAN DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK TERHADAP KEJADIAN OBESITAS PADA REMAJA DI KOTA SEMARANG

Abstract

Kejadian obesitas pada remaja meningkat di Indonesia. Peningkatan derajat kemakmuran berkorelasi dengan perubahan gaya hidup. Remaja lebih gemar jajan diluar rumah dan tidak banyak melakukan aktivitas fisik rutin seperti olah raga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi makanan dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian obesitas pada remaja di Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol (1:1). Dengan teknik acak sederhana, sejumlah 148 remaja usia 12 – 15 tahun menjadi subjek penelitian setelah melalui screening status gizi. Penentuan obesitas didasarkan pada persentil IMT/U > 95 persentil. Data asupan makanan jajanan dan aktivitas fisik diperoleh melalui wawancara kuesioner terstruktur. Uji hubungan dua variabel dilakukan dengan chi square. Uji regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengetahui variabel paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian obesitas Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kontribusi makanan western fast food, makanan jajanan lokal dan tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap obesitas (P< 0,05). Model akhir regresi logistic menunjukkan kontribusi makanan jajan lokal yang mengandung lebih dari  300 kkal dan aktivitas fisik ringan memberi risiko masing masing sebesar 3,2 kali dan 5,1 kali menyebabkan obesitas pada remaja. Dapat disimpulankan bahwa makanan jajan yang mengandung lebih dari  300 kkal dan aktivitas fisik ringan berkontribusi terhadap kejadian obesitas remaja 

ABSTRACT

CONTRIBUTIONS OF STREET FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TO ADOLESCENT OBESITY

IN SEMARANG CITY

The prevalence of adolescents obesity increased from time to time in Indonesia. Increasing of prosperity is correlated with changes in lifestyle. The lifestyles adopted among adolescents are interested  to buy eating street foods outside home and lack of physical activity as a result of high techology and spend more time outside home. The objective of the study is to study the contribution of street foods and physical activity to adolescents obesity in Semarang. This study is an observational study with case-control design (1case and 1 control). Simple random sampling was applied  after screening of nutritional status. A number of 148 adolescents aged 12-15 years became subjects of the study. Determination of obesity based on BMI percentile by age > 95 percentile. Dietary intake of western fast foods, street foods and physical activity was obtained through interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Chi square test was performed to analyzed association between dependent and independent variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the most influential variables on adolescents obesity. The results showed that there is a significant association between dietary western fast foods, local street foods and physical activity levels to adolescents obesity (P <0.05). Logistic regression showed that local street foods > 300 kcal and light physical activity contributed 3.2 times and 5.1 times  to adolescents obesity. In conclusion, street foods contained more than  300 kcal and light physical activity contributed to adolescent obesity

Keywords:  street foods, adolescents obesity, physical activity