FAKTOR RISIKO HIPERTENSI PADA ORANG UMUR 45-74 TAHUN DI PULAU SULAWESI
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Abstract
Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan utama baik di negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan hipertensi pada orang dewasa umur 45-74 tahun di Sulawesi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2007. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah orang dewasa berumur 45-74 tahun di Sulawesi. Jumlah sampel yang dianalisis 13.859. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi ditemukan sebesar 14,8 persen. Rata-rata umur responden 54,9±7,9 tahun. Dari hasil analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan hipertensi adalah umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, dan status ekonomi. Pada penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan adanya hubungan antara kebiasaan makan, aktivitas fisik dengan hipertensi. Program pencegahan terhadap hipertensi perlu dilakukan terutama yang tinggal di perkotaan yang penuh stres dan dengan pekerjaan yang lebih komplek. Disamping itu perbaikan sosial ekonomi dapat merubah gaya hidup seseorang, termasuk dalam makanan dan aktifitas fisik. Disarankan untuk mengurangi konsumsi makanan berisiko (makanan berlemak, jeroan, makanan diawetkan, makanan berpenyedap), dan peningkatan aktivitas fisik secara teratur setiap hari.
ABSTRACT
RISK FACTORS OF HYPERTENSION IN PEOPLE AGED 45-74 YEARS IN SULAWESI
Hypertension is a major health problem in both the developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with hypertension in adults aged 45-74 years in Sulawesi. This study uses data Riskesdas (Baseline Health Research) 2007. The study design was cross-sectional. Samples were adults aged 45-74 years in Sulawesi. The number of samples analyzed 13,859. The results showed that the prevalence of hypertension was found to be 14.8 percent. The result showed that the average age of the respondents were 54.9 ± 7.9 years. The logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with hypertension were age, gender, occupation/works, and economic status. In this study, it has not been proved yet a link between eating habits, physical activity with hypertension. However, prevention programs for hypertension needs to be done especially in urban area where people live in stress and with the more complex works . In addition, improvement in socio-economy status may lead to change in life style including meals and physical activity. It is suggested, people should reduce eating risk foods (fatty foods, offal, preserved foods, spicy food), and do physical activity regularly every day.
Keywords: risk factors, hypertension, socio-economy status
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