DAMPAK INTERVENSI PENDIDIKAN "GI-PSI-SEHAT" BAGI IBU TERHADAP KONSUMSI PANGAN DAN STATUS GIZI ANAK USIA DINI

Abstract

THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION MODEL “GI-PSI-SEHAT” (NUTRITIONPSYCHOSOSIAL-HEALTH) FOR MOTHER ON FOOD CONSUMPTION
AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEAR

The objective of this study is to develop and to analyze the education wholistic model (NutritionPsychosocial-Health) in order to build good food consumption pattern for children through the
improvement of mother’s behaviour. A quasi experiment, nonrandomized control group pretest -posttest design study, of the impact of the education model “GI-PSI-SEHAT” (NutritionPsychosocial-Health) has been carried out at urban area in Bogor, West Java. The total of
respondent are 131 primiparous mothers of children of 0-11 months, who are selected by
purposive sampling technique, which consist of 66 mothers in control group and 65 mothers in
intervention group, who participated in the intervention programme. During five months, education
model “GI-PSI-SEHAT” was conducted by face to face method, in groups or individually, with
combination of teaching techniques i.e. speech, discussion, simulation, practical and home visit.
Teaching aids i.e. booklets, flip-chart, food-models, and real things was used in order to increase
the effectiveness of the programme. The study reveals that the intervention of “GI-PSI-SEHAT”
improves food consumption pattern, whether in punctuality, food diversification, or the frequency of
food consumption. In eight months time, the intervention enable the increase of the Mean
Adequacy Ratio (MAR) as an overall measure of the nutrient adequacy. The impact of the
intervention of “GI-PSI-SEHAT” is decrease of z-score of weight-for-age and height-for-age of the
intervention group is lower than the control group, especially for children under 12 month.
Classification and regression tree statistical analysis demonstrated that independent variables
have strong association with response variables. Nutritional status of mother based on Body Mass
Index (BMI) is the dominant variable associated with nutritional status of children based on z-score
of weight for age, on the other hand Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) is the dominant variable
associated with nutritional status of children based on z-score of height for age. Wholistic
education model “GI-PSI-SEHAT” for mothers with some modification may applicable at another
area, especially for community with low education level.

Keywords: nutrition education, children under two years, complementary feeding, food
consumption pattern, nutritional status.