KERAGAMAN BAHAN MAKANAN UNTUK SARAPAN ANAK SEKOLAH DI INDONESIA
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Abstract
Breakfast (5-9 AM) is contributed around one third of daily nutrient intake. Some studies shown that breakfast can maintain the blood glucose level, increase school performance and prevent obesity. This study aimed to determine the food variety of breakfast consumed by most Indonesian people, aged 6-18 years. Analysis was conducted using secondary data taken from the Individual Food Consumption Survey (SKMI) 2014. The study was cross-sectional survey design conducted in 33 provinces in Indonesia in May-June 2014. 27870 (77.5%) subjects were met the criteria. The age group of 6–12 years old consists of 7739 males and 7069 females, while aged 13–18 years old consists of 6612 males and 6450 females. Almost 60 percent (59,1%) subjects consumed a combination of 3 food groups. 72,3 percent were consumed one food which was consist only serealia. Subjects who consumed with combination of 2 food groups such as serealia and water (49.6%), serealia and animal food (18.2%). Subjects who consumed combination of 3 food groups, such as serealia, animal food, and fat, were 49.6 percent. In conclusion, most students aged 6-18 years had breakfast but the variety of food was not adequate yet.
ABSTRAK
Sarapan atau makan pagi (jam 5-9 pagi) penting untuk konsumsi makanan sehari. Sarapan dapat membantu mempertahan kadar gula darah, meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar serta mencegah terjadinya kegemukan. Perlu diperhatikan selain jumlah makanan juga keragaman jenis yang dikonsumsi. Tujuan analisis adalah mendapatkan informasi tentang keragaman bahan makanan yang biasa dikonsumsi penduduk di Indonesia, umur 6-18 tahun. Dilakukan analisis data hasil Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014 dari rumah-tangga terpilih di 33 provinsi di Indonesia pada bulan Mei-Juni 2014 dengan desain penelitian potong-lintang. Sampel terdiri dari umur 6-12 tahun usia sekolah dasar (7739 orang laki-laki dan 7069 perempuan) dan umur 13-18 tahun usia sekolah menengah (6612 laki-laki dan 6450 perempuan). Hasil analisis menunjukkan, sebanyak 77,5 persen (27870 individu) sampel melakukan sarapan. Sebanyak 59,1 persen responden mengonsumsi 3 kelompok bahan makanan. Responden yang mengonsumsi satu kelompok bahan makanan saja, seperti serealia, sejumlah 72,3 persen, sedangkan dari yang mengonsumsi dua kelompok makanan, sebanyak 49,6 persen mengonsumsi serealia dan air putih serta 18,2 persen mengonsumsi kombinasi kelompok serealia dan kelompok hewani. Responden mengonsumsi tiga kelompok bahan makanan, paling banyak mengonsumsi kombinasi kelompok serealia, hewani dan minyak (49,6%), diikuti kombinasi kelompok serealia, kelompok sayur dan minyak. Dapat disimpulkan, sebagian besar anak sekolah usia 6-18 tahun sarapan namun keragamannya masih kurang.
Kata kunci: sarapan, keragaman bahan makanan, anak sekolah
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