HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS DIET, SOSIO-DEMOGRAFI, DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PENGENDALIAN GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT KANUJOSO DJATIWIBOWO (RSKD) BALIKPAPAN
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Abstract
Pengendalian gula darah yang buruk, dapat memperparah terjadinya penyakit. Kualitas diet merupakan faktor penting dalam pengendalian gula darah, pengendalian gula yang baik dapat menghindarkan penderita diabetes dari kemungkinan komplikasi lebih lanjut. Kualitas diet, sosio-demografi dan dukungan keluarga akan berdampak terhadap manajemen penyakit DM, hubungan diantara ketiga hal tersebut belum pernah diteliti sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kaitan kualitas diet, faktor sosio-demografi dan dukungan keluarga dengan pemeliharaan gula darah pada pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Balikpapan. Studi Cross-sectional digunakan untuk mengetahui kaitan antara kualitas diet, faktor sosio-demografi dan dukungan keluarga terhadap pengedalian gula darah. Diet Quality Index- International (DQI-I) digunakan untuk menilai kualitas diet, kuesioner Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) digunakan untuk mengetahui dukungan keluarga. Path regression digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas diet, sosio-demografi dan dukungan keluarga terhadap HbA1c. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor kualitas diet yang dicapai subjek penelitian mencapai rata-rata 55.97 ± 6.1. Pendapatan dan pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan pada kualitas diet yaitu 6,55 persen dan 7,11 persen (p<0,05). Tidak ditemui hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan pendapatan dan kualitas diet pada kadar HbA1c. Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa pendidikan dan pendapatan memiliki pengaruh pada skor kualitas diet. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas diet, faktor sosio demografi dan dukungan keluarga terhadap kadar HbA1c.
ABSTRACT
The Association of Diet Quality, Sosiodemography, Family Support with Blood Glucose Control among Type 2 Diabetes Patients at RS. Kanujoso Djatiwibowo (RSKD) in Balikpapan
Diet Quality is an important factor to control blood glucose and it could avoid the patient of DM type 2 from complication. Socio-demography factors and family support could help patients in managing DM type 2. The objective of the study is to understand the relationship of diet quality, socio-demography factors, and family support for controlling blood glucose in patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 at Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Hospital. A cross-sectional study was used in this study to know the relationship of diet quality, socio-demography factors, and family support to control blood glucose. Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was used to assess diet quality of all subjects. Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) questionnaire was used to know family support. Data were analyzed using regression path to know the relationship of diet quality, socio-demography factors, and family support to HbA1c. The result showed that all subjects had scores of diet quality approximately 55.97 ± 6.1. Income and education level factors had a significant relationship with diet quality, i.e 6.55 percent and 7.11 percent (p<0.05). There was an inverse relationship between family support and HbA1c level. Income and education level factors have affected on diet quality. No correlation found between diet quality, socio-demography factors and family support with HbA1c level.
Keywords: Diet quality, family support, DM type 2, HbA1c
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