POLA MAKAN DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK REMAJA AKHIR DENGAN RIWAYAT DIABETES DI YOGYAKARTA
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Abstract
The risk of diabetes will increase when there was any diabetes family history. The study aimed to determine the relationship of having diabetes family history with diet and physical activity among late adolescents. This study also determines the factors that influence diet and physical activity. This study was a mixed-method, which was done in two phases, quantitative followed by a qualitative study. Fifty late-adolescent (18-24 years old) involved in the quantitative study, and fourteen late-adolescent involved in the qualitative study. The subject for the quantitative study was a family member of the Chronic Disease Program in (Prolanis) in Puskesmas study area. The selection of fourteen subjects for qualitative study was proportionally based on variations arise from the quantitative study. The study showed that there was no significant association between life with diabetes family members in one home or not with diet and physical activity (p = 0,310 dan p = 0,297). Nor was there any association between having diabetes family history from first or second relatives degree with diet and physical activity (p = 0,276 dan p = 0,547). There was 92 percent of respondents had low fiber, high fat, and high sugar diet. This study found that factors influenced diet and physical activity were perceive susceptibility, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy. There was no association between having diabetes family history with diet and physical activity. Support from family, friends, work environment or campus is needed to establish a healthy diet and physical activity, to prevent diabetes.
ABSTRAK
Riwayat keluarga dengan diabetes dapat meningkatkan risiko seseorang mengalami diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan memiliki riwayat keluarga diabetes dengan pola makan dan aktivitas fisik remaja akhir, serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pola makan dan aktivitas fisik tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed method yang dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu penelitian kuantitatif diikuti penelitian kualitatif. Sebanyak lima puluh remaja akhir (usia 18-24 tahun) terlibat dalam penelitian kuantitatif, dan empat belas remaja akhir terlibat dalam penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara tinggal satu rumah dan tidak satu rumah dengan anggota keluarga penyandang diabetes terhadap pola makan dan aktivitas fisik (p= 0,310 dan p= 0,297). Tidak pula terdapat hubungan antara memiliki riwayat keluarga diabetes dari keluarga inti atau keluarga besar terhadap pola makan dan aktivitas fisik (p = 0,276 dan p = 0,547). Hasil penelitian juga menemukan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi pola makan dan aktivitas fisik antar lain persepsi kerentanan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan, serta kemampuan diri. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara memiliki riwayat keluarga diabetes terhadap pola makan dan aktivitas fisik remaja akhir yang memiliki riwayat keluarga diabetes. Dukungan dari keluarga, pertemanan, lingkungan kerja atau kampus diperlukan untuk membentuk pola makan dan aktivitas fisik yang sehat, untuk mencegah diabetes.
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