KEBIASAAN MAKAN SAYUR DAN BUAH PADA PETANI YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN KEJADIAN KATARAK DI KECAMATAN TELUK JAMBE JAWA BARAT

Abstract

RISK OF CATARACT ASSOCIATED WITH FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE AMONG FARMERS OF WEST JAVA

Risk for cataract increases with age, but also has been associated with exposure to sunlight, and
factors such as smoking, and diet. We explored the risk of cataract in West Java, and found a strong
association with diet, and a higher risk among malnourished adults. The aim of the study was to know
the relationship between risk of c ataract and consumption of fruit and vegetables intake among farmers
of West Java. This study using cross sectional design which was conducted among farmers and their
families in West Teluk Jambe subdistrict, Karawang West Java, Indonesia. Randomly sampled
individual 30 years and older in the population and identified 1223 subjecs to participated in the study.
Each subject was interviewed about vegetables and fruit consumption per day and per week previously
and historical quantity of intake by use of questionnaire and food models. Anthropometry measurement
(weight and height) were also undertaken. Ocular examinations were carried out by opthalmologist.
The results showed that risk of cataract increases by age. The subjects for >55 years vs 30 – 54 years
old give an odds ratio of 30.6.( 95% CI: 22.04- 42.5, p= 0.0001). Consumption of vegetables < 5
serving vs = 5 serving perday had a significant odds ratio for cataract risks of 1.74 ( 95% CI: 1.04-2.91, p= 0.031). Intake of colourfull fruits had a similar odds ratio for < 1 serving vs = 1 serving per day
with an odds ratio for cataracts risks of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.26 – 2.4, p=0.001). Underweight (body mass
index < 18.5) vs with > or = normal body weight was also very important with an odds ratio of 4 ( 95%
CI: 3.2 – 5.8, p= 0.0001). Using binary logistic regression only ages, and nutritional status showed a
significant relationship with cataract risk. This study demonstrates that consumption of vegetables and
fruits >5 serving per day, intake colourfull fruits >1 serving per day and having good nutrition with
status BMI normal can reduce the risk for cataracs. To prevent cataracts it is important to promote the
consumption of vegetables and fruits, colourful fruit and to promote good nutritional status.

Key words: cataract, fruit, vegetable, underweight