HIGH PROPORTION OF ENERGY AND FE FROM OUTSIDE DORMITORY IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRL AT ALI MAKSUM ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL YOGYAKARTA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Adolescent girls in urban dormitories are prone to skipping meals and replacing them with less nutritious snacks from outside, increasing the risk of anemia. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between intake from outside dormitory and meal skipping on anemia in adolescent girls at Ali Maksum Islamic Boarding School Yogyakarta. This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The total sample of 163 adolescent girls was selected by total sampling. Six days of 24-hour food recall were collected along with sociodemographic and nutritional status data, while hemoglobin level was measured using automated hematology analyzer machine (AHA). Bivariable analysis was performed using chi-square test and multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. This study showed energy intake from outside dormitory was significantly associated with anemia for the group of Q2 (47, 59% daily intake) and Q3 (59-76% daily intake) (p-value 0.030 and 0.019 respectively), and the odds ratio increased along with higher intake of energy from outside dormitory (OR 3.6, 90% CI 1.4-9.3 and OR 4.3, 90% CI 1.5-12.1). The Fe intake from outside dormitory was significantly associated with anemia only in the Q3 group (70-84% daily intake) with p-value 0.024 (OR 4.8, 90% CI 1.5-15.1), and skipping breakfast was significantly associated with anemia (OR 0.3, 90% CI 0.1-0.6). High intake from outside dormitory is inevitably poor habit and should be taken seriously.
Keywords: anemia, adolescent girl, eating out, meal skipping
ABSTRAK
Remaja asrama di wilayah urban rentan melewatkan waktu makan dan menggantinya dengan jajanan kurang bergizi dari luar, yang berisiko meningkatkan anemia pada remaja putri. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan dari luar asrama dengan kebiasaan melewatkan makan pada anemia pada remaja putri di SMA Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Ali Maksum Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah sampel 163 remaja putri dipilih secara total sampling. Data asupan dengan metode food recall 24 jam dikumpulkan selama 6 hari bersama dengan data sosiodemografi dan status gizi, sementara kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan mesin automated hematology analyzer (AHA). Analisis bivariabel dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dan analisis multivariabel menggunakan regresi logistik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan asupan energi dari luar asrama berhubungan signifikan dengan anemia pada kelompok Q2 (47-59% total asupan) dan Q3 (59-76% total asupan) (p-value 0,030 dan 0,019), dan odds ratio meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan asupan energi dari luar asrama (OR 3.6, CI 90% 1.4-9.3 dan OR 4.3, CI 90% 1.5-12,1). Asupan Fe dari luar asrama berhubungan signifikan dengan anemia hanya pada kelompok Q3 (70-84% total asupan) dengan p-value
0,024 (OR 4,8, 90% CI 1,5-15,1), dan melewatkan sarapan berhubungan signifikan dengan anemia ( OR 0,3, 90% CI 0,1-0,6). Tingginya asupan tinggi merupakan kebiasaan yang kurang sehat dan harus ditanggapi dengan serius untuk mencegah anemia.
Kata kunci: anemia, remaja putri, asupan makan, meal skipping
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