EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN METODE FOTO DIGITAL UNTUK PEMANTAUAN ASUPAN MAKANAN PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT
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Abstract
Monitoring the patient's food intake is important to ensure the patient's food intake meets the required nutritional intake. However, patients’ meal plates often have been cleared before dietitians have opportunity to measure patients’ plate wastes. This study aimed to compare Digital Dietary Assessment Tool (DDAT) and the current method (Comstock) with food weighing in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. A total of 144 patients’ meal plates of breakfast and lunch were observed by dietitians in this cross-over intervention study design. Nutrient intakes and duration in measuring food intakes were analyzed by Paired t-test. Dietitians’ satisfaction was collected by questionnaire and analyzed using Mann-Whitney. There were no statistical differences in measuring nutrient intake between DDAT and food weighing (331.8±128.9 VS 332.6 ±131.3 kcal energy; 15.7±5.4 VS 15.2±5.7g protein; p>0.05). The duration in measuring food intakes with DDAT was shorter than Comstock (38.5±16.4 VS 355.6± 38.9 seconds; p=0.000). The satisfaction of dietitians in measuring food intakes was significantly higher for DDAT than for Comstock (p=0.000). DDAT is a valid method for measuring nutrient intakes among hospitalized patients. DDAT has a shorter duration of measurement and higher satisfaction in measuring food intakes than Comstock. The DDAT method has the potential to be applied in hospitals.
Keywords: digital photo method, patient's food intake, plate waste, satisfaction
ABSTRAK
Pencatatan terhadap asupan makanan pasien adalah penting untuk memastikan asupan makanan pasien memenuhi asupan gizi. Namun alat makanan pasien seringkali sudah dibersihkan sebelum nutrisionis/dietisien sempat mengamati sisa makanan tersebut. Penelitian validasi metode foto digital yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya menemukan bahwa metode ini berhubungan signifikan dengan metode penimbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode foto digital/Digital Dietary Assessment Tool (DDAT) dengan metode Comstock dalam pemantauan asupan makanan pasien di RS Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta, menggunakan metode penimbangan sebagai standar emas. Sebanyak 144 sisa makanan dari sarapan dan makan siang pasien diamati oleh nutrisionis/dietisien dalam penelitian dengan desain cross over intervention ini. Perbandingan asupan gizi dan durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam melengkapi pencatatan di antara kedua metode dianalisis menggunakan Paired t-test. Perbandingan kepuasan pengguna antara kedua metode dianalisis dengan Mann-Whitney test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis antara metode DDAT dengan baku emas penimbangan, tidak ada perbedaan signifikan asupan gizi (331.8±128.9 VS 332.6 ±131.3 kkal energi; 15.7±5.4 VS 15.2±5.7 g protein; p>0.05). Durasi waktu yang dibutuhkan lebih singkat secara signifikan menggunakan metode DDAT dibandingkan dengan metode Comstock (38.17±15.6 VS 358.7± 39.1 detik; p=0.000). Kepuasan nutrisionis/dietisien dalam mencatat asupan makanan pasien lebih tinggi saat menggunakan metode DDAT dibandingkan dengan metode Comstock (p= 0.00). Metode DDAT berpotensi untuk dapat diterapkan di rumah sakit.
Kata kunci: metode foto digital, asupan makanan pasien, sisa makanan, kepuasan
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