RISIKO KURANG ENERGI KRONIS (KEK) PADA IBU HAMIL DI INDONESIA

Abstract

CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN INDONESIA

Maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a potential indicator of maternal nutritional status.
It can serve as a predictor of low birth weight and other health related indicators. It is used in
Indonesia to select woman of reproductive age and pregnant woman for nutrition intervention.
However, there are few studies in Indonesia to examine risk factors associated with low MUAC. The
objective of the study is to determine characteristics of areas, family, pregnant woman, and morbidity
associated with low MUAC (< 23.5 Cm), as a predictor of chronic energy deficiency. Data used for the
analysis is Riskesdas (Baseline Health Research) 2007. A total of 8187 pregnant women were used for
the analysis. The result showed that the prevalence of low MUAC in Indonesia was 21.6%, varied from
11.8% in Riau to 32.4% in East Nusa Tenggara. The prevalence is higher in rural than that in urban
areas. The result also showed that high prevalence of low MUAC is associated with family
characteristics (pregnant woman as dependent in the family, smaller and bigger household members,
and poor quintiles of expenditure per capita). There was a negative association between the
prevalence of low MUAC with age, education attainment, and height of mother. High prevalence of
low MUAC was found for single mother, jobless, farmer, unskilled labor. There was no clear
difference between low MUAC and morbidity or out-patient attendance in different type of health
facilities.

Keywords: pregnant woman, upper-arm circumference