TINGKAT KERAWANAN PANGAN PADA KELUARGA DENGAN BALITA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DAERAH RAWAN PANGAN
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on various fields. One is an increase in food insecurity, especially in food-insecure areas. This study analyzes food insecurity and factors affecting families with toddlers during the COVID-19 pandemic in food-insecure areas. The design of this study was cross-sectional. This study involved 456 households with toddlers using a structured questionnaire in June-July 2022. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) was used to measure household food insecurity, and a logistic regression model was used to determine the factors influencing food insecurity. This study revealed that the prevalence of moderate and severe food insecurity was 36 percent. As many as 64 percent of families have one person working, 77 percent have per capita income below the poverty line, 52.2 percent have no change in food expenditure, and 82.9 percent have toilets. Food insecurity is higher in families with one working person (OR = 1.884; p=0.006), per capita income below the poverty line (OR=1.852; p=0.034), increased food expenditure (OR = 3.131; p=0.000), and no toilet (OR=1.929; p = 0.016). Food insecurity in families with toddlers in food-insecure areas is related to sociodemographic and sanitation factors. The government should expand the scope of food and nutrition programs and integrate food security programs with basic sanitation.
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, food insecurity, cross-sectional, factor
ABSTRAK
Pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan dampak di berbagai bidang. Salah satunya adalah peningkatan kerawanan pangan terutama pada daerah rawan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerawanan pangan dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pada keluarga dengan balita selama pandemi Covid-19 di daerah rawan pangan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 456 rumah tangga dengan balita menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur pada Juni-Juli 2022. Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) digunakan untuk mengukur kerawanan pangan rumah tangga, dan model regresi logistik digunakan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kerawanan pangan. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa prevalensi kerawanan pangan sedang dan berat sebesar 36 persen . Sebanyak 64 persen keluarga memiliki satu orang yang bekerja, 77 persen memiliki pendapatan per kapita di bawah garis kemiskinan, 52,2 persen tidak mengalami perubahan pengeluaran pangan, dan 82,9 persen memiliki jamban. Kerawanan pangan lebih tinggi pada keluarga yang memiliki satu orang yang bekerja (OR=1,884; p = 0,006), pendapatan per kapita di bawah garis kemiskinan (OR=1,852; p=0,034), pengeluaran pangan yang meningkat (OR = 3,131; p=0,000), dan tidak memiliki jamban (OR=1,929; p=0,016). Kerawanan pangan keluarga dengan balita di daerah rawan pangan berkaitan dengan faktor sosiodemografi dan sanitasi. Pemerintah sebaiknya memperluas cakupan program pangan dan gizi serta mengintegrasikan program ketahanan pangan dengan sanitasi dasar.
Kata kunci: pandemic COVID-19, kerawanan pangan, cross-sectional, faktor
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